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Ajouter le résultat dans votre panierOld concepts, new challenges: adapting landscape-scale conservation to the twenty-first century / Lynda Donaldson in Biodiversity and Conservation, vol. 26, n°3 (Mars 2017)
Titre : Old concepts, new challenges: adapting landscape-scale conservation to the twenty-first century Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Lynda Donaldson, Auteur ; Robert J. Wilson, Auteur ; Ilya Maclean, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp. 527–552 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : beta-diversity insects arthropods plants conservation management trait Résumé : "Landscape-scale approaches to conservation stem largely from the classic ideas of reserve design: encouraging bigger and more sites, enhancing connectivity among sites, and improving habitat quality. Trade-offs are imposed between these four strategies by the limited resources and opportunities available for conservation programmes, including the establishment and management of protected areas, and wildlife-friendly farming and forestry. Although debate regarding trade-offs between the size, number, connectivity and quality of protected areas was prevalent in the 1970–1990s, the implications of the same trade-offs for ongoing conservation responses to threats from accelerating environmental change have rarely been addressed. Here, we reassess the implications of reserve design theory for landscape-scale conservation, and present a blueprint to help practitioners to prioritise among the four strategies. We consider the new perspectives placed on landscape-scale conservation programmes by twenty-first century pressures including climate change, invasive species and the need to marry food security with biodiversity conservation. A framework of the situations under which available theory and evidence recommend that each of the four strategies be prioritized is provided, seeking to increase the clarity required for urgent conservation decision-making." Type de publication : périodique Référence biblio : Donaldson L., Wilson R., Maclean I., 2017 - Old concepts, new challenges: adapting landscape-scale conservation to the twenty-first century. Biodiversity and Conservation, 26 (3) : 527–552. Permalink : http://www.cbnbrest.fr/catalogue_en_ligne/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=66261
in Biodiversity and Conservation > vol. 26, n°3 (Mars 2017) . - pp. 527–552[article]Exemplaires(0)
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Titre : 17 years of grassland management leads to parallel local and regional biodiversity shifts among a wide range of taxonomic groups Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : C.-G.-E. van Noordwijk, Auteur ; Lander Baeten, Auteur ; Hans Turin, Auteur ; Theodoor Heijerman, Auteur ; Kees Alders, Auteur ; Peter Boer, Auteur ; Abraham A. Mabelis, Auteur ; Berend Aukema, Auteur ; Aart Noordam, Auteur ; Eva Remke, Auteur ; Henk Siepel, Auteur ; Matty Berg, Auteur ; Dries Bonte, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp. 717–734 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : dégradation des habitats island biogéographie landscape ecology métapopulation stratégie de conservation changement climatique Résumé : "Conservation management is expected to increase local biodiversity, but uniform management may lead to biotic homogenization and diversity losses at the regional scale. We evaluated the effects of renewed grazing and cutting management carried out across a whole region, on the diversity of plants and seven arthropod groups. Changes in occurrence over 17 years of intensive calcareous grassland management were analysed at the species level, which gave insight into the exact species contributing to regional homogenization or differentiation. Reponses were compared between species differing in habitat affinity, dispersal ability, food specialisation and trophic level. Local species richness increased over the sampling period for true bugs and millipedes, while carabid beetles and weevils declined in local species richness. Species richness remained unchanged for plants, woodlice, ants and spiders. Regional diversity and compositional variation generally followed local patterns. Diversity shifts were only to a limited extent explained by species’ habitat affinity, dispersal ability, trophic level and food specialisation. We conclude that implementation of relatively uniform conservation management across a region did not lead to uniform changes in local species composition. This is an encouraging result for conservation managers, as it shows that there is not necessarily a conflict of interest between local and regional conservation goals. Our study also demonstrates that shifts in diversity patterns differ markedly between taxonomic groups. Single traits provide only limited understanding of these differences. This highlights the need for a wide taxonomic scope when evaluating conservation management and demonstrates the need to understand the mechanisms underlying occurrence shifts." Type de publication : périodique Référence biblio : van Noordwijk C.-G.-E., Baeten L., Turin H., Heijerman T., Alders K., Boer P., Mabelis A., Aukema B., Noordam A., Remke E., Siepel H., Berg M., Bonte D., 2017 - 17 years of grassland management leads to parallel local and regional biodiversity shifts among a wide range of taxonomic groups. Biodiversity and Conservation, 26 (3) : 717–734. Permalink : http://www.cbnbrest.fr/catalogue_en_ligne/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=66262
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Titre : Paying the colonization credit: converging plant species richness in ancient and post-agricultural forests in NE Germany over five decades Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jens Kolk, Auteur ; Tobias Naaf, Auteur ; Monika Wulf, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp. 735–755 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : "Massive historical land cover changes in the Central European lowlands have resulted in a forest distribution that now comprises small remnants of ancient forests and more recently established post-agricultural forests. Here, land-use history is considered a key driver of recent herb-layer community changes, where an extinction debt in ancient forest remnants and/or a colonization credit in post-agricultural forests are being paid over time. On a regional scale, these payments should in theory lead toward a convergence in species richness between ancient and post-agricultural forests over time. In this study, we tested this assumption with a resurvey of 117 semi-permanent plots in the well-studied deciduous forests of the Prignitz region (Brandenburg, NE Germany), where we knew that the plant communities of post-agricultural stands exhibit a colonization credit while the extinction debt in ancient stands has largely been paid. We compared changes in the species richness of all herb layer species, forest specialists and ancient forest indicator species between ancient and post-agricultural stands with linear mixed effect models and determined the influence of patch connectivity on the magnitude of species richness changes. Species richness increased overall, but the richness of forest specialists increased significantly more in post-agricultural stands and was positively influenced by higher patch connectivity, indicating a convergence in species richness between the ancient and post-agricultural stands. Furthermore, the richness of ancient forest indicator species only increased significantly in post-agricultural stands. For the first time, we were able to verify a gradual payment of the colonization credit in post-agricultural forest stands using a comparison of actual changes in temporal species richness" Type de publication : périodique Référence biblio : Kolk J., Naaf T., Wulf M., 2017 - Paying the colonization credit: converging plant species richness in ancient and post-agricultural forests in NE Germany over five decades. Biodiversity and Conservation, 26 (3) : 735–755. Permalink : http://www.cbnbrest.fr/catalogue_en_ligne/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=66263
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Titre : Integrating species distribution modelling into decision-making to inform conservation actions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Dani Villero, Auteur ; Magda Pla, Auteur ; David Camps, Auteur ; Jordi Ruiz-Olmo, Auteur ; L. Brotons, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp. 251–271 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : "Species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely tagged as valuable tools in a variety of conservation assessments to address pressing conservation problems. However, these solutions could be hampered by difficulties to overcome the knowledge-action boundary between conservation and modelling practice. These difficulties have been well typified in the ecological modelling sphere, but a specific conceptual framework on how to bridge this gap is still lacking. This work reports successful examples on how to use SDMs to identify the most favourable habitats for implementing conservation management actions. We use these examples to discuss about the three main topics that deserve special attention to help enhance information flow between practitioners and modellers: the decision context, the modelling framework and the spatial products. Finally, we suggest some practical solutions to improve applications of effective conservation action on the ground. We emphasize the importance of matching modelling goals and decision targets by a close collaboration of modellers with decision makers and species experts. Moreover, we highlight the key role of clear and useful spatial products to provide relevant and timely feedback to increase understanding and promote utilisation by conservation practitioners, and to inform and involve targeted audiences." Type de publication : périodique Référence biblio : Villero D., Pla M., Camps D., Ruiz-Olmo J., Brotons L., 2017 - Integrating species distribution modelling into decision-making to inform conservation actions. Biodiversity and Conservation, 26 (3) : 251–271. Permalink : http://www.cbnbrest.fr/catalogue_en_ligne/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=66264
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Titre : Relationships between plant diversity, vegetation cover, and site conditions: implications for grassland conservation in the Greater Caucasus Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : M. Wiesmair, Auteur ; Annette Otte, Auteur ; Rainer Waldhardt, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp. 273–291 Langues : Anglais (eng) Résumé : "Overgrazing, land use abandonment and increasing recreational activities have altered the vegetation of high-montane and subalpine grassland of the Caucasus. The failure of previous restoration efforts with unsuitable and exotic plant species indicates the need for information on the present vegetation and in which way it might change. Within the Greater Caucasus, we have described and quantified the mountain grassland which develops under characteristic overgrazed and eroded site conditions. Further, we have proposed potential native plant species for revegetation to restore and conserve valuable mountain grassland habitats. We used non-metric dimensional scaling ordination and cluster comparison of functional plant groups to describe a gradient of grassland vegetation cover. For our study region, we identified four major vegetation types with increasing occurrence of ruderal pasture weeds and tall herb vegetation on abandoned hay meadows within the subalpine zone. Within high-montane grassland a decline of plant diversity can be observed on sites of reduced vegetation cover. Due to a low potential of the grassland ecosystem to balance further vegetation cover damage, the long-term loss of diverse habitats can be expected. We conclude with management recommendations to prevent erosion and habitat loss of precious mountain grasslands. " Type de publication : périodique Référence biblio : Wiesmair M., Otte A., Waldhardt R., 2017 - Relationships between plant diversity, vegetation cover, and site conditions: implications for grassland conservation in the Greater Caucasus. Biodiversity and Conservation, 26 (3) : 273–291. Permalink : http://www.cbnbrest.fr/catalogue_en_ligne/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=66265
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