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Studies on the Conservation of Lowland Calluna Heaths, I. Control of Birch and Bracken and Its Effect on Heath Vegetation / R.H. Marrs in Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 24, n°1 (Année 1987)

Public [article]  inJournal of Applied Ecology > vol. 24, n°1 (Année 1987) . - pp. 163-175 Titre : Studies on the Conservation of Lowland Calluna Heaths, I. Control of Birch and Bracken and Its Effect on Heath Vegetation Auteurs : R.H. Marrs, Auteur Année de publication : 1987 Article en page(s) : pp. 163-175 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [habitats/milieux] 3 - Landes, fruticées et prairies [Espèces (in biblio)] Betula [Espèces (in biblio)] Calluna [Espèces (in biblio)] Pteridium aquilinum [Thèmes] Conservation Mots-clés : fougère aigle  bouleau  dynamique de la végétation Résumé : "(1) Open Calluna (Calluna vulgaris L. Hull) heath in much of lowland England is being invaded by bracken (Pteridium aquilinum L. Kuhn.), birch (Betula pendula Roth. and B. pubescens Ehrh.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), and vegetation management is required urgently if these heaths are to be conserved. (2) Single and combined treatments were made of (a) 2,4,5-T applied by paintbrush to cut birch stumps, and (b) fosamine applied by foliar spray to both birch regrowth after cutting and bracken. The effects on both the target species, and the underlying heathland vegetation were assessed between 1980 and 1985. (3) Where birch was cut without herbicide application, recovery was rapid, overtopping the bracken between 3 and 6 years. However, where cut birch was treated with single herbicide treatments, the numbers of birch were reduced, but individuals that survived treatment recovered almost as quickly as those untreated. Where both herbicide treatments were applied all the birch was killed. Bracken frond density was reduced in the year after spraying, but recovered rapidly almost to untreated levels in 6 years. (4) The mature Calluna heath present in 1980 was reduced between 1980 and 1985. especially under dense bracken, and there was very little Calluna regeneration. Moreover, there was prolific establishment of both Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin, and birch seedlings, especially where control treatments were applied. (5) These results are discussed in relation to various theories of heathland dynamics, and related where possible to practical management of lowland heaths." (source : auteur) Type de publication : périodique Référence biblio : Marrs R.-H., 1987 - Studies on the Conservation of Lowland Calluna Heaths, I. Control of Birch and Bracken and Its Effect on Heath Vegetation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 24 (1) : 163-175. ID PMB : 72022 Permalink : http://www.cbnbrest.fr/catalogue_en_ligne/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72022 [article]

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• Studies on the Conservation of Lowland Calluna Heaths, II. Regeneration of Calluna, and its Relation to Bracken Infestation / R.H. Marrs in Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 24, n°1 (Année 1987)

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Studies on the Conservation of Lowland Calluna Heaths, II. Regeneration of Calluna, and its Relation to Bracken Infestation / R.H. Marrs in Journal of Applied Ecology, vol. 24, n°1 (Année 1987)

Public [article]  inJournal of Applied Ecology > vol. 24, n°1 (Année 1987) . - pp. 177-189 Titre : Studies on the Conservation of Lowland Calluna Heaths, II. Regeneration of Calluna, and its Relation to Bracken Infestation Auteurs : R.H. Marrs, Auteur Année de publication : 1987 Article en page(s) : pp. 177-189 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [habitats/milieux] 3 - Landes, fruticées et prairies [Espèces (in biblio)] Betula [Espèces (in biblio)] Calluna [Espèces (in biblio)] Pteridium aquilinum [Thèmes] Conservation Mots-clés : fougère aigle  bouleau  dynamique de la végétation Résumé : "(1) This paper investigates methods for restoring degenerate Calluna (Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull) heath at Knettishall Heath in Breckland. The treatments tested included disturbing the ground flora (cutting alone and in combination with burning and rotavating), and reducing the bracken (Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn.) density by fosamine application. (2) Calluna regeneration was entirely from seed, and was much greater where disturbance treatments were applied, with no significant difference between disturbance treatments. Seedling establishment was reduced in some plots where the bracken density was > 20 fronds m-2, and subsequent standing crops of Calluna were reduced by 50% at frond densities > 11 fronds m-2 (3) Seedling invasion of birch (Betula pendula Roth. and B. pubescens Ehrh.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was mainly confined to the 3 years after disturbance, being reduced as the Calluna increased. Numbers of tree seedlings tended to be reduced in the higher densities of bracken, but Scots pine was able to persist in greater densities (28 fronds m-2) than birch (20 fronds m-2). (4) Preliminary results suggest that at this site management for Calluna regeneration should be confined to areas with a bracken density < 11 fronds m-2 in the first instance, and an outline plan for managing this type of degenerate heath is discussed." (source : auteur) Type de publication : périodique Référence biblio : Marrs R.-H., 1987 - Studies on the Conservation of Lowland Calluna Heaths, II. Regeneration of Calluna, and its Relation to Bracken Infestation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 24 (1) : 177-189. ID PMB : 72023 Permalink : http://www.cbnbrest.fr/catalogue_en_ligne/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72023 [article]

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